Muhammad Abdullah 
BACKGROUND The political manifestos of both parties were almost identical, although there were two significant differences. Congress stood for the joint electorate, and the Muslim League for separate electorates. Congress wanted Hindi as the official language with Deva Nagri writing script, while the Muslim league wanted Urdu with Persian calligraphy. PREFACE The Government of … Read more
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND Critical theory is a philosophical and social framework that aims to understand and critique oppressive power structures in society. It examines the relationship between power, culture, and social inequality, focusing on how dominant ideologies maintain and perpetuate systems of injustice to foster social transformation and liberation. INTRODUCTION The term “critical theory” was … Read more
Introduction Emile Durkheim was a French sociologist, scholar, thinker, professor, and writer of the 19th century. He was born in 1858. He acknowledged August Comte as his master. He used to say that sociology should also follow the scientific method. Biography Emile Durkheim was a bright student in college and won several prizes. He was … Read more
INTRODUCTION Descriptive essays are a powerful tool for expressing vivid details and creating a sensory experience for readers. Whether you’re describing a person, place, object, or event, mastering writing a descriptive essay can significantly enhance your storytelling skills. This article will explore the key elements and techniques required to excel in descriptive writing. By the … Read more
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 1914, when World War I started, the Turks resolved to speak with the Germans against Britain. The Muslims of India wanted to help Britain but not at the cost of Ottoman Khilafat and the Holy places in Turkey. In his various public utterances, British Prime Minister Lloyd George assured the Muslims that the … Read more
INTRODUCTION Pure Theory of Law was propounded by the formidable Austrian jurist and philosopher Hans Kelsen (1881- 1973). Kelsen began his long career as a legal theorist at the beginning of the 20th century. Kelsen suggested a ‘pure’ theory of law that would avoid reductionism of any kind. The pure theory of law of Hans … Read more
Introduction Max Weber is a German thinker and theorist of the 20th century. He proposed his ideas in the form of theories at that time when the views of Karl Marx impressed the masses very much. Due to his theories, he became popular in the whole of Western Europe. Theories of Max Weber The theories … Read more
INTRODUCTION Argumentative essays are a fundamental component of academic writing. It tests your ability to formulate a persuasive argument and provide evidence to support your claims. Whether preparing for an exam or seeking to enhance your essay writing skills, this article will provide a step-by-step guide on equipping argumentative essays for exams, empowering you to … Read more
BACKGROUND The Lahore Resolution is an essential event in the history of Pakistan. The Pakistan Movement is as old as the history of Muslims in the sub-continent. This is because Pakistan was created based on the Two-Nation Theory. Two Nation Theory was formed in India on the day when the first Hindus accepted Islam. Gradually, … Read more
INTRODUCTION Social contract theory is a compelling political and moral concept that seeks to explain the origin and legitimacy of Government. It was developed by influential thinkers such as Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. This theory says that individuals willingly enter a mutual agreement, or social contract, to form a society and establish … Read more
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